Silver Nitrate — Safety & Hazards

GHS Classification

GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals) is a United Nations system to identify hazardous chemicals and to inform users about these hazards. GHS has been adopted by many countries around the world and is now also used as the basis for international and national transport regulations for dangerous goods. The GHS hazard statements, class categories, pictograms, signal words, and the precautionary statements can be found on the PubChem GHS page.

Source/Guidance

Hazard Classes and Categories

The Hazard Classes and Categories are aligned with GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals) hazard statement codes. The percentage data in the parenthesis from ECHA indicates that the hazard classes and categories information are consolidated from multiple companies. Also, see the detailed explanation from the above GHS classification section.

Source/Guidance

Ox. Sol. 2 (97.4%)

Met. Corr. 1 (16.9%)

Skin Corr. 1B (99.9%)

Eye Dam. 1 (33%)

Repr. 1A (11.7%)

Aquatic Acute 1 (99.6%)

Aquatic Chronic 1 (99.8%)

Oxidising solid - category 2

Skin corrosion - category 1B

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (chronic) - category 1

Oxidizing solids - Category 2

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4

Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1A-1C

Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1

Reproductive toxicity - Category 2

Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (blood system), Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation)

Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (lung, kidney, cardiovascular system)

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 1

Oxidizing solids - Category 2

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4

Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1

Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1

Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 3 (Respiratory tract irritation)

Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (respiratory system)

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 1

Corrosives

Ox. Sol. 2

Skin Corr. 1B

Aquatic Acute 1

Aquatic Chronic 1

DOT Hazard Classification

The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) categorizes hazardous materials into nine hazard classes for transportation purposes. This section provides the summary from the Hazardous Materials Table of the 49 eCFR § 172.101. For details, please visit https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-172

Source/Guidance

Health Hazards

Description of the chemical's health hazards (e.g., toxicity, corrosivity, and flammability) that can have negative impacts on our short- or long-term health.

Concentrated solutions will produce irritation, ulceration, and discoloration of the skin; also causes severe irritation of the eyes. Ingestion will produce violent abdominal pain and other gastroenteric symptoms. (USCG, 1999)

Fire Hazards

Fire hazard means any situation, process, material or condition which may cause a fire or explosion or provide a ready fuel supply to increase the spread or intensity of the fire or explosion and which poses a threat to life or property. This section provides information on fire hazards involving this chemical.

Behavior in Fire: Increases flammability of combustibles. (USCG, 1999)

Not combustible but enhances combustion of other substances. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion. See Chemical dangers

Hazards Summary

This section provides an overview of the key hazards information of this compound.

Concentrated solutions can cause burns of the skin and eyes. A generalized argryia (silver discoloration of the skin and other organs) was reported in the past among workers heavily exposed to AgNo3 in manufacturing and photography. Methemoglobinemia was reported in the past after treatment of burn patients with 0.5% silver nitrate. [HSDB] Silver nitrate, used in burn therapy, is a reported inducer of methemoglobinemia. [ATSDR Case Studies, # 16] Used extensively in dressings soaked with 0.5% AgNO3 with no apparent toxicity; [Nordberg, p. 1212] See NITRATES and NITRITES.

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of silver nitrate stem from its toxicologic properties. Toxic by all routes (ie, inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact), exposure to this odorless, colorless-to-white, crystalline substance may occur from its use in silver-plating, in photography, in the manufacture of inks, paints, pigments, and dyes, as an analytical reagent and as an antiseptic. Effects from exposure may include contact burns to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, argyria (a blue-gray discoloration of skin), mild chronic bronchitis, and death from large ingested doses. The OSHA PEL is set at a TWA of 0.01 mg/cu m. Safe levels should be maintained by the use of engineering controls (eg, local exhaust ventilation, or process enclosure). In activities where over-exposure may occur, workers should wear impervious clothing, gloves, face protection, and a self-contained breathing apparatus. Such clothing and equipment should be removed before leaving the worksite. Skin that becomes contaminated with silver nitrate should be promptly washed. Eating and smoking should be prohibited in silver nitrate work areas. Silver nitrate is not expected to burn. However, if large quantities are involved in a fire, an explosion may result. Also, silver nitrate may form explosive compounds with sulfur, alcohols, and ammonia. If silver nitrate is involved in a fire, flood with water from as far away as possible (do not use dry chemical, CO2, or Halon). Silver nitrate should be stored in cool, dark areas, away from sources of physical damage, and ignition. Also, because it is an oxidizer, silver nitrate should be stored away from combustibles (eg, wood, paper, oil, fuels), and other substances with which it is incompatible (eg, halogenated acids and their salts, alkalies, antimony salts, arsenites, bromides, carbonates, chlorides, iodides, phosphates, and creosote). Silver nitrate may be shipped via air, rail, road, and water, in appropriate containers (substance may attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings), bearing the label "Oxidizer". If silver nitrate spills, carefully shovel the material into a clean, dry covered container for later disposal or reclamation (solutions are first absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, or earth). Large liquid spills on land first should be diked to prevent runoff from entering water sources or sewers, and then, if possible, contained in excavated pits or other holding areas that have been sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner. Solids should be covered with a plastic sheet. For spills of silver nitrate in bodies of water, apply sodium sulfide solution, then neutralize with agricultural lime, crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate, and use mechanical dredges to removed immobilized masses. Before implementing land disposal of silver nitrate waste, consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.

Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations

Skin, eye and respiratory irritations caused by exposure to this chemical.

Dust will irritate eyes, skin, and respiratory membranes.

EPA Hazardous Waste Number

Identifier for hazardous waste containing this chemical.

Source/Guidance

D011; A waste containing silver may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. /Silver/

OSHA Standards

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards are rules that describe the methods that employers must use to protect their employees from hazards. These standards limit the amount of hazardous chemicals workers can be exposed to, require the use of certain safe practices and equipment, and require employers to monitor hazards and keep records of workplace injuries and illnesses.

Source/Guidance

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.01 mg/cu m. /Silver, metal and compounds (as Ag)/

NIOSH Recommendations

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommendations for chemical safety concerning this compound.

Source/Guidance

Recommended Exposre Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.01 mg/cu m. /Silver (metal dust and soluble compounds, as Ag)/

First Aid

First aid measures for exposure to this chemical through various routes (for example, ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, and eye contact).

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: Contaminated clothing may be a fire risk when dry. (ERG, 2024)

Fire Fighting Procedures

This section provides information on the actions to be taken in the event of a fire emergency involving this chemical, to prevent the spread of and extinguish fires.

If material on fire or involved in a fire: Flood with water. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far away as possible.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable consider evacuation of one-half (1/2) mile radius.

Firefighting Hazards

Hazards associated with firefighting operations (such as smoke, oxygen deficiency, elevated temperatures, and poisonous atmospheres).

If large quantities are involved in a fire ... an explosion may result.

Isolation and Evacuation

Isolation and evacuation measures to take when a large amount of this chemical is accidentally released in an emergency.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 100 meters (330 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. If ammonium nitrate products are in a tank, rail car or truck and involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, initiate evacuation including emergency responders for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Spillage Disposal

Methods for containment and safety measures to protect workers dealing with a spillage of this chemical.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Cleanup Methods

Procedures for cleanup of chemical spill or hazardous waste

Environmental considerations: Water spill: If dissolved, apply sodium sulfide soln to precipitate heavy metals. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Environmental considerations: Land Spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.

Disposal Methods

Disposal methods or procedures for this chemical or hazardous waste containing it.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Precipitation is the preferred treatment process for removing toxic heavy metals from electroplating waters. Precipitation processes include hydroxide, lime and/or sulfide treatment. Chemical reduction is used to treat complex metals such as nickel, copper, hexavalent chromium waste, soluble lead, silver, metal containing cyanide, and mercury. Adsorption has shown potential for treating and polishing aqueous metal bearing wastes. Activated carbon, activated alumina, and iron filings are all applicable adsorbents. Alkaline chlorination and incineration are effective cyanide destruction treatments. Evaporation, ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and electrolytic recovery are waste reduction and recovery techniques applicable to metal bearing hazardous streams.

Preventive Measures

Preventive measures to take to avoid suffering negative health effects from this chemical.

If material not on fire & not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers.

Personnel protection: Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ...

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.

Nonfire Spill Response

Emergency response measures to take in the event of a chemical spill (without a fire).

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not get water inside containers.

SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.

SMALL LIQUID SPILL: Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite or sand to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. (ERG, 2024)

Safe Storage

Measures to take for safe storage of this chemical.

Source/Guidance

Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Well closed. Store only in original container. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

Storage Conditions

Conditions for safe storage of this compound, including any incompatible chemicals and specific storage requirements (e.g., ventilation requirements).

... Protect from light and store in inert, collapsible containers or in other suitable single-dose containers at 15-30 °C; freezing of the ophthalmic soln should be avoided and the soln should not be used when cold.

Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

The permissible exposure limit (PEL) is the maximum amount or concentration of a chemical that a worker may be exposed to under OSHA regulations. The PEL can be given in three ways. [1] Time-weighted average (PEL-TWA): average exposure based on an 8h/day, 40h/week work schedule. [2] Short-term exposure limit (PEL-STEL): a 15-minute TWA exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday. [3] Ceiling limit (PEL-C): absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time.

Source/Guidance

0.01 [mg/m3], as Ag

Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

The Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health air concentration values (IDLH values) characterize high-risk exposure concentrations and conditions and are used as a component of respirator selection criteria. IDLH values are established (1) to ensure that the worker can escape from a given contaminated environment in the event of failure of the respiratory protection equipment and (2) to indicate a maximum level above which only a highly reliable breathing apparatus, providing maximum worker protection, is permitted.

Source/Guidance

10 mg Ag/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)

10.0 [mg/m3], as Ag

10 mg/cu m (as ag). /Silver (metal dust and soluble compounds, as Ag)/

Threshold Limit Values (TLV)

The threshold limit value (TLV) of a chemical is an airborne concentration at which a worker can be exposed day after day for a working lifetime without adverse effect. There are three types of TLVs for chemicals. [1] Threshold limit value - time-weighted average (TLV-TWA): average exposure on the basis of a 8h/day, 40h/week work schedule. [2] Threshold limit value - short-term exposure limit (TLV-STEL): a 15-minute TWA exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday, even if the 8-hour TWA is within the TLV-TWA. [3] Threshold limit value - ceiling limit (TLV-C): absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time. TLVs are developed by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist. While TLVs are widely accepted occupational exposure limits, they are not standards enforced by the U.S. Government.

Source/Guidance

0.01 [mg/m3], as Ag

8 Hr Time Weighted Average (TWA): 0.01 mg/cu m. /Soluble silver compounds, as Ag/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Soluble silver compounds, as Ag/

(as Ag): 0.01 mg/m

Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL)

In general, the occupational exposure limit (OEL) indicates the level of admissible exposure, for a length of time (usually 8 hours), to a chemical or physical hazard that is not likely to affect the health of a worker. The OELs for chemical substances are established based on the chemical properties of the substance, experimental studies on animals and humans, toxicological and epidemiological data. These limits are set out by many professional organizations and government agencies around the world, such as the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the United States. Different organizations may use different terminology for the OEL. For example, the ACGIH term for OEL is "Threshold Limit Value" (TLV)® while the NIOSH term is "recommended exposure limits" (REL). This section also includes MAK (maximale arbeitsplatzkonzentration), similar to threshold limit value, specifies the maximum concentration level of a toxic substance in air at a workplace.

Source/Guidance

Emergency Response Planning Guidelines

Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPGs) are air concentration guidelines for single exposures to agents, developed by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). They are intended for use as tools to assess the adequacy of accident prevention and emergency response plans, including transportation emergency planning, community emergency response plans, and incident prevention and mitigation. ERPGs estimate the concentrations at which most people will begin to experience health effects if they are exposed to a hazardous airborne chemical for 1 hour. (Sensitive members of the public, such as old, sick, or very young people, aren't covered by these guidelines and they may experience adverse effects at concentrations below the ERPG values.) A chemical may have up to three ERPG values, each of which corresponds to a specific tier of health effects.

Source/Guidance

Inhalation Risk

Risk of exposure to this chemical through inhalation. Note that the terms "risk" and "hazard" have different meanings. A hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm, while risk is the likelihood of harm taking place, based on exposure to that hazard.

Evaporation at 20Â °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly.

Effects of Short Term Exposure

This section provides health effects of short-term exposure to this compound. The short-term exposure (also called acute exposure) is a short contact with a chemical. It may last a few seconds or a few hours. For example, it might take a few minutes to clean windows with ammonia, use nail polish remover or spray a can of paint. The fumes someone might inhale during these activities are examples of acute exposures.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. The substance may cause effects on the blood. This may result in the formation of methaemoglobin. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Effects of Long Term Exposure

This section provides health effects of long-term exposure to this compound. The long-term exposure (also called chronic exposure) is continuous or repeated contact with a toxic chemical over a long period of time (months or years). If a chemical is used every day on the job, the exposure would be chronic. Over time, some chemicals, such as PCBs and lead, can build up in the body. Chronic exposures can also occur at home. Some chemicals in household furniture, carpeting or cleaners can be sources of chronic exposure.

The substance may have effects on the blood. This may result in the formation of methaemoglobin. The substance may cause a grey-blue discolouration of the eyes and skin (argyria/argyrosis). Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal protective equipment (PPE) to use when handling this chemical.

Goggles or face shield; rubber gloves. (USCG, 1999)

Personnal protection should include wearing ... protective clothing to avoid skin contact, as well as chem safwty goggles for protection of eyes. Respirator should be worn in order to prvent excessive inhalation of dust or mist of silver nitrate.

Fire Prevention

Precautionary measures to prevent fires from this chemical.

NO contact with flammables, combustible substances, reducing agents or acetylene. See Chemical Dangers.

Exposure Prevention

Prevention measures to avoid exposure to this chemical through various routes (for example, ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, and eye contact).

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Inhalation Prevention

Precautionary measures to avoid inhalation of this chemical.

Use local exhaust or breathing protection. Avoid inhalation of dust.

Skin Prevention

Precautionary measures to avoid skin exposure to this chemical.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Eye Prevention

Precautionary measures to avoid eye exposure to this chemical.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.

Ingestion Prevention

Precautionary measures to avoid ingestion of this chemical.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Air and Water Reactions

Special alerts if this chemical reacts with air, water, or moisture.

Water soluble.

Reactive Group

List of reactive groups that this chemical belongs to, according to CAMEO Chemicals at the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Source/Guidance

Nitrate and Nitrite Compounds, Inorganic

Reactivity Alerts

Special alerts if the chemical is especially reactive.

Source/Guidance

Strong Oxidizing Agent

Reactivity Profile

Description of the chemical's potential reactivity with other chemicals, air, and water. Also it includes any other intrinsic reactive hazards (such as polymerizable or peroxidizable).

SILVER NITRATE is noncombustible but, as an oxidizing agent, can accelerate the burning of combustible materials. If large quantities are involved in a fire or the combustible material is finely divided, an explosion may result. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in an explosion. Light sensitive. Mixtures with alkyl esters may explode owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates. Mixtures with phosphorus, tin(II) chloride, or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. Reacts with acetylene in the presence of ammonia to form silver acetylide, a powerful detonator when dry [Bretherick 1979 p. 198]. Reaction with ethyl alcohol (or other alcohols) may produce silver fulminate, which can explode when disturbed [Bretherick 1979 p. 200]. An intimate mixture of silver nitrate and magnesium may ignite spontaneously on contact with a drop of water [Bretherick 1979 p. 200]. An explosion occurred when purified phosphine was passed rapidly into a concentrated solution of silver nitrate [Mellor 3:471 1946-47]. When a mixture of 28% ammonium hydroxide and silver nitrate solution was treated with a small amount of sodium hydroxide. Black precipitate, silver nitride exploded on stirring [MCA Case History 1554 1968].

Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities

This compound may undergo hazardous reactions with other chemicals. Therefore, it is considered incompatible with those chemicals and should not be used with them.

Silver nitrate (or other soluble salt) reacts with acetylene in presence of ammonia to form silver acetylide, a sensitive and powerful detonator when dry. In the absence of ammonia, or when calcium acetylide is added to a silver nitrate soln, explosive double salts of silver acetylide and silver nitrate are produced. Mercurous acetylide precipitates silver acetylide from aqueous nitrate.

Interaction /between silver nitrate and chlorosulfonic acid/ is violent, /with/ nitrosulfonic acid being formed.

An intimate mixture of dry powdered magnesium and silver nitrate may ignite explosively on contact with a drop of water.

REDUCED BY HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN DARK.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

DOT Emergency Guidelines

U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Emergency Guidelines for this chemical. The information in this section is collected from the Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB). For updated emergency guidelines, see the DOT Emergency Response Guidebook.

Source/Guidance

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Fire or Explosion: These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Health: Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Shipping Name/ Number DOT/UN/NA/IMO

When dangerous goods are transported/shipped, one of the proper shipping names (along with corresponding identification numbers) shown in Dangerous Goods List of the applicable transport regulations (e.g., IATA-DGR, IMO-IMDG code, and 49 CFR 171-180) must be used to meet labelling, marking, and documentation requirements. This section provides this chemical's appropriate shipping names and identification numbers, such as the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) identification number (also known as "United Nations (UN) number" or "North America (NA) number") and the International Maritime Organization (IMO)'s International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code.

UN 1493; Silver nitrate

IMO 5.1; Silver nitrate

Standard Transportation Number

This section provides the Standard Transportation Commodity Code (STCC) for this chemical. The STCC is a seven digit numeric code representing 38 commodity groupings and used on waybills and other shipping documents. If the first two digits of an STCC are 48 or 49, the STCC is also called the Hazardous Materials Response Code (HMRC) or Hazmat STCC, and is used when transporting a hazardous material or dangerous good by rail in North America.

Source/Guidance

49 187 42; Silver nitrate

Shipment Methods and Regulations

Shipment methods and regulations of this compound. The information in this section includes the U.S. Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR Subchapter C), the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations, the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, and other regulations.

Source/Guidance

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

DOT Label

U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) hazard warning label for the chemical (such as flammable liquid or corrosive). This label must be displayed on shipped packages, railroad tank cars, and tank trucks according to specifications described in 49 CFR 172.

Source/Guidance

Oxidizer

Packaging and Labelling

Warnings and instructions for packaging and labelling of chemical products. The information in this section is from the International Labour Organization (ILO)'s International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC).

Source/Guidance

Unbreakable packaging.

UN Classification

Classification of this chemical, according to the Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). ADR is a United Nations treaty that governs transnational transport of hazardous materials.

Source/Guidance

UN Hazard Class: 5.1; UN Pack Group: II

Federal Drinking Water Guidelines

Federal drinking water guidelines (e.g. maximum containment level (MCL)) for this chemical. In general, these guidelines are recommendations and not legally enforceable.

EPA 100 ug/l /Silver/

State Drinking Water Standards

State drinking water standards (e.g. maximum containment level (MCL)) for this chemical. These standards are legally enforceable.

(CT) CONNECTICUT 50 ug/l /Silver/

State Drinking Water Guidelines

State drinking water guidelines (e.g. maximum containment level (MCL)) for this chemical. In general, these guidelines are recommendations and not legally enforceable.

(AZ) ARIZONA 50 ug/l /Silver/

(ME) MAINE 35 ug/l /Silver/

(MN) MINNESOTA 30 ug/l /Silver/

(WI) WISCONSIN 50 ug/l /Silver/

Clean Water Act Requirements

The Clean Water Act (CWA) of 1972 establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters. Under CWA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the Toxic Pollutant List (40 CFR Part 401.15) and the Priority Pollutant List (40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A). These lists are to be used by EPA and States to develop the Effluent Guidelines regulations and ensure water quality criteria and standards.

Source/Guidance

Silver nitrate is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.

Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Silver and compounds/

The ambient water quality criterion for silver is recommended to be identical to the existing water standard which is 50 ug/l. /Silver and cmpd/

CERCLA Reportable Quantities

The CERCLA reportable quantity for a hazardous substance is the minimum quantity of the substance which, if released, must be reported, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA, also commonly known as Superfund).

Source/Guidance

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1 lb or 0.454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

RCRA Requirements

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) is the public law that creates the framework for the proper management of hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste. The law describes the waste management program mandated by Congress that gave EPA authority to develop the RCRA program. The term RCRA is often used interchangeably to refer to the law, regulations and EPA policy and guidance.

Source/Guidance

D011; A solid waste containing silver may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Silver/

FIFRA Requirements

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is the Federal statute that governs the registration, distribution, sale, and use of pesticides in the United States.

Source/Guidance

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. Silver and Cmpds is found on List D. Case No: 4082; Pesticide type: fungicide, herbicide, antimicrobial; Case Status: RED Approved 06/93; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): silver nitrate; AI Status: The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered products. Thus, we characterize it as "cancelled."

Toxic Combustion Products

Toxic products (e.g., gases and vapors) produced from the combustion of this chemical.

Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires involving silver nitrate.